Invitation to composition

In 1963 [Ann. of Math. {\bf 78}, 267-288], Gerstenhaber invented a \emph{comp(osition)} calculus in the Hochschild complex of an associative algebra. In this paper, the first steps of the Gerstenhaber theory are exposed in an abstract (comp system) setting. In particular, as in the Hochschild complex, a graded Lie algebra and a pre-coboundary operator can be associated to every comp system. A derivation deviation of the pre-coboundary operator over the total composition is calculated in two ways, (the long) one of which is essentially new and can be seen as an example and elaboration of the auxiliary variables method proposed by Gerstenhaber in the early days of the comp calculus.Comment: 18 pages, AMSLaTe

Production at High pTp_T in Central Au+Au and p+pp+p collisions at sNN=200\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}} = 200 GeV in STAR

he $\rho^0$ production at high-$p_T$ (5.0 $\leq p_T \leq$ 10.0 GeV/$c$) measured in minimum bias $p+p$, Au+Au and central Au+Au collisions in the STAR detector are presented. The $\rho^0/\pi$ ratio measured in $p+p$ is compared to PYTHIA calculations as a test of perturbative quantum chromodynamics (pQCD) that describes reasonably well particle production from hard processes. The $\rho^0$ nuclear modification factor are also presented. In $p+p$ collisions, charged pions and (anti-)protons are measured in the range 5.0 $\leq p_T \leq$ 15.0 GeV/$c$ and the anti-particle to particle ratio and the baryon to meson ratios of these hadrons are discussed.Comment: 4 pages, 8 figures, proccedings for QM200

Performance in Education Nation-wide Task Micro-Evaluation/Macro Evaluation Project

90298464 (科研費)南山大学Performance in Education Nation-wide Task Micro-Evaluation/Macro Evaluation Project 2019～2022年度科学研究費助成事業 (基盤研究 (C) (一般)) 研究成果報告書33917 (科研費)202219K00809 (科研費)research repor

The Euthanasia of Radically Defective Neonates: Some Statutory Considerations

Advances in medical technology, discoveries in pharmacology, an developments in bio-engineering have made it possible for the modem physician to save and/or sustain the lives of individuals who but a few decades ago would have died. These developments have proved a mixed blessing. While on the one hand they have allowed the physician to exercise his profession more successfully, on the other they have opened up before him a domain of decision problems that few of his predecessors have had to face. The thrust of these problems may be focussed into a single question: Ought he to employ the techniques, drugs and devices thus at his disposal in all cases, or ought he to proceed selectively

The Right to Life of Potential Persons

The law accords an individual the right to sue for damages sustained in utero when these damages are the result of what would otherwise be described as criminally negligent treatment. Recent court actions involving children subjected to the influence of thalidomide during certain critical stages of their fetal development 1 make this only too clear. 2 At the same time, however, the law also permits abortion: the deliberate and intentional killing of fetuses at precisely those stages of their development at which thalidomide damage would be sustained were the drug to be administered. 3 In adopting these two stances, the law appears to find itself in a position of conflict. For the right to sue for damages is reserved solely for those individuals which in one sense or another are persons; 4 and in taking a favourable stance in the thalidomide cases, 5 the law seems to be operating on the principle that those individuals who suffer morphological damage as a result of exposure to the drug in fact enjoyed the status of persons at that particular time. On the other hand, in permitting abortions to occur at that particular stage of fetal development, the law seems to be operating on the principle that these individuals are not yet persons; 6 for otherwise, the act of abortion would be one of murder

The advantages of demographic change after the wave: Fewer and older, but healthier, greener, and more productive?

Population aging is an inevitable global demographic process. Most of the literature on the consequences of demographic change focuses on the economic and societal challenges that we will face as people live longer and have fewer children. In this paper, we (a) briefly describe key trends and projections of the magnitude and speed of population aging; (b) discuss the economic, social, and environmental consequences of population aging; and (c) investigate some of the opportunities that aging societies create. We use Germany as a case study. However, the general insights that we obtain can be generalized to other developed countries. We argue that there may be positive unintended side effects of population aging that can be leveraged to address pressing environmental problems and issues of gender inequality and intergenerational ties